Bokeh Photography

Going Fine-Art in Macro

Have you ever wondered about those beautiful blurry macro shots with some crystal clear and rock sharp parts in it? How does someone manage to get sharp eyes in a photo and separate them from a soft background, and maybe even a soft foreground?

By combining a nice bokeh with an attractive composition, we are heading towards the fine arts in underwater photography.

What is Bokeh?

Bokeh最初是指镜头所产生的区域质量。这不仅意味着完全软化的部分，还意味着半股区域，亮点和线条。散景的结构是镜头的质量方面。从这个意义上讲，几乎每张图片都有散景，因为所有像素上的图片很少。

这个含义发生了变化。或者更好地说，这种含义已扩展。当背景几乎消失并淡入颜色区域和线条的阴暗绘画中时，大多数人都谈论散景镜头。创建黑色背景绝对不是散景的本质。

Separate the Subject from the Background

Looking at the reef's structures, we rarely observe areas of uniformity. There are a lot of structures: corals, flat sponges, rocks, sand, broken objects, and a high biodiversity. In these chaotic structures, our subjects are hidden. Taking average pictures leads to a mess of subjects and structures, often resulting in a hide-and-seek game to find the subject.

There are many aspects to separating a subject from the background. Working with bokeh is one of the most important skills.

您面临的最简单情况之一是受试者与蓝水的分离。但是，即使是蓝色的水也有结构，例如地表上的结构，浮动颗粒，其他海洋生物，例如小鱼等。一个漂亮的水散景可能非常吸引人。如果受试者具有像画廊中的Ghost Pipefish这样的对比颜色，则更是如此。

诸如依恋鱼类，树突状蟹，深蹲龙虾，生活在羽毛恒星中或软珊瑚上的共生虾等生物为美国摄影师带来问题。他们生活在一个混乱的结构化栖息地中。我们想将它们与他们的栖息地分开。

水下世界充满了伪装的主题。想想沙滩上的比目鱼；也许它被沙子覆盖，只有眼睛才能看到。或像红色海绵（或类似颜色）上的红色戈比（Red Goby）这样的情况 - 也非常具有挑战性。

专注于身体部位

Based on the example of the red goby on a red sponge, we also notice that it's impossible to make a hard sharp/bokeh border in a picture. Bokeh is always something soft. And soft is the gradient from sharp to bokeh. Let's play with this smooth gradient.

Having learned that we cannot have a completely sharp goby on a completely soft sponge, we have to decide where we want to place the gradient. A good advice is to always keep the eyes in focus. Like the example of the Pipefish, which is an extreme bokeh shot. There are very, very few examples where an out-of-focus eye worked.

我们可以选择扩展自己喜欢将其放在焦点的身体部位，并像在红色海绵上的红色戈比一样，全力以赴。给您的创造力空间激励您制作精美的镜头！

How do you Execute Bokeh Shots?

既然我们已经了解了散景是什么以及在哪里应用它，我们可以想到如何实际实现此类结果。

这一切都与田野的深度有关。它越大，遥远的部分就越焦点。为了实现散景，我们需要减少重点的区域。我们必须打开光圈，这意味着要具有较低的光圈数。必须考虑一些方面：

- 开放的光圈意味着很多光。需要频闪，可以调节到低功率。扩散器还有助于柔和的光线和光的保留。

- 完全开放的光圈对于图像质量不利。停止一两个数字（意味着增加数字，关闭光圈）。

- Play with the range of the DOF to compose your picture.

超级宏观摄影中的特写镜头的使用普遍存在。它还有助于创建散景镜头，因为它极大地降低了田野的深度。比较不需要f/3,5的华丽幽灵鱼与带有双重堆叠的inon UCL 165 AD的红色Goby进行比较，我使用了f/10。使用PipeFish肖像上的这个双重堆叠的特写镜头，我选择了f/5.0来降低景深，并仅产生锋利的眼睛。

To end this tutorial, I’d like to give you another important advice. Carefully select the lens you’d like to mount on your DSLR or mirror-less cam. There are huge differences in the quality of the bokeh. It pays well to have a look at sample shots from other galleries online.

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